Traditional Uses: Traditionally used by Native Americans, Greeks, and Europeans as a tea or decoction to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs), kidney stones, cystitis, and as a diuretic.
Potential Benefits: May help reduce recurrence of uncomplicated UTIs, relieve UTI symptoms, and exhibit antibacterial activity against E. coli due to hydroquinone (arbutin) converted to the antimicrobial agent hydroquinone in alkaline urine.
Warnings: Avoid during pregnancy and breastfeeding (potential toxicity to infants) and in children; do not use with kidney disease, gastrointestinal ulcers, or acidifying agents (e.g., vitamin C); prolonged use (>1 week) may cause liver damage, retinal damage, and respiratory issues.




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